East Timor is the eastern part of the island of Timor the enclave of Oecussi in West Timor, the island of Atauro off Timor’s northern coast and the small uninhabited island of Jaco off it’s eastern Coast. It is around 600 kilomtres from Darwin, Australia and is nestled between Indonesia and Australia. Once part of the Australian continental shelf, Timor fully emerged from the ocean only some four million years ago, and is therefore composed mainly of marine sediment, principally limestone. Rugged mountains, a product of the collision with the Banda Trench to the north, run the length of the country, the highest of which is Mt Ramelau with 2963 m.