The Video lecture from Bioenergetics (F.Sc. First Year Biology) covers the first phase of photosynthesis i.e. Light dependent reactions. This is the energy conversion phase and have two phases i.e. non cyclic phosphorylation and cyclic phosphorylation. It also involves the mechanism of ATP synthesis known as chemiosmosis. Find more e-learning material and educational video lectures in Urdu at maktab.pk. These videos are free to use for promotional and commercial purpose by keeping the credits to Maktab.