The Viceroy, Lord Irwin, was at this time directing the sternest repression which Indian nationalism had known, but he did not really relish the role. The British civil service and the commercial community were in favour of even harsher measures. But Premier Ramsay MacDonald and Secretary of State Benn were eager for peace, if they could secure it without weakening the position of the Labour Government; they wanted to make a success of t6he Round Table Conference and they knew that this body without the presence of Gandhi and the Congress could not carry much weight.

5 मार्च 1931 का दिन भारतीय इतिहास में बेहद खास है. क्योंकि ये पहला मौका था जब अंग्रेज सरकार ने भारतीयों के साथ समान स्तर पर समझौता किया था. दरअसल इस दिन राष्ट्रपिता महात्मा गांधी और तत्कालीन वायसराय लॉर्ड इरविन के बीच हुए एक समझौते के लिए याद किया जाता है. 5 मार्च 1931 को एक राजनीतिक समझौता किया गया था, जिसे गांधी-इरविन समझौता कहा जाता है.

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