Surveillance and diagnosis are crucial components in the management and control of infectious diseases. Surveillance involves the systematic monitoring and tracking of disease patterns, transmission, and occurrence within a population. It provides valuable data for early detection, prevention, and response to infectious diseases.

Various surveillance methods and strategies are employed to gather information about infectious diseases. This includes monitoring disease outbreaks, conducting epidemiological investigations, and utilizing public health surveillance systems. These systems collect data from healthcare facilities, laboratories, and other sources to track the spread of infectious diseases and identify trends.