Surah Al-Fatihah (سورة الفاتحة) is the first chapter (surah) of the Holy Quran, the sacred book of Islam. It is considered the "Mother of the Quran" or "Umm al-Kitab" (أم الكتاب) due to its importance and comprehensive nature.
Description:
Surah Al-Fatihah consists of seven verses (ayat), which summarize the core principles of Islam. The chapter can be divided into three main themes:
Praise and glorification of Allah: The first three verses praise Allah's attributes, emphasizing His mercy, sovereignty, and authority.
Seeking guidance: The fourth and fifth verses request Allah's guidance and mercy.
Protection from misguidance: The final two verses seek refuge from the path of those who have incurred Allah's wrath and those who have gone astray.
Key verses:
"In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful." (Verse 1)
"All praise is due to Allah, Lord of all the worlds." (Verse 2)
"The Most Gracious, the Most Merciful." (Verse 3)
"Master of the Day of Judgment." (Verse 4)
"You alone we worship, and You alone we ask for help." (Verse 5)
"Guide us to the straight path." (Verse 6)
"The path of those who have received your grace; not the path of those who have brought down wrath, nor of those who wander astray." (Verse 7)
Importance:
Surah Al-Fatihah holds significant importance in Islamic prayer (Salah) as it is recited in every unit (rakah) of the five daily prayers. It serves as:
A prayer for guidance
An expression of devotion
A reminder of Allah's sovereignty
A supplication for mercy and protection
In essence, Surah Al-Fatihah encapsulates the fundamental principles of Islam, emphasizing Allah's majesty, human dependence on Him, and the quest for spiritual guidance.


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