Environment
• The word "Environment" comes from the French word ‘Environia, which means “to surround.” It includes everything around us—living and non-living—that helps keep life in balance and supports growth and development.
Types of Environments
• There are 2 main types of environment:
Natural Environment
o This includes everything that exists naturally, like air, water, soil, sunlight, plants, and animals
o It has living things (like plants and animals) and non-living things (like air, water, and sunlight).
Two parts of the Natural Environment are:
o Abiotic (Non-living things): Sunlight/Temperature, Soil, Minerals, Wind/Air, Water.
o Biotic (Living things): Plants, Animals, and other living organisms.
Man-Made Environment
o This is the environment that humans create to live more comfortably.
Examples: Cities, towns, roads, factories, transport, dams, etc.
Ecosystem
• An ecosystem is a place where Living Things (like plants and animals) and Non-Living Things (like air and water) interact to live and grow together to keep nature balanced. If any part is disturbed, it affects the whole system.
• Components of an ecosystem:
Biotic: Living things like plants (autotrophs that make food using sunlight), animals (herbivores, carnivores).

Abiotic: Non-living things like air, water, sunlight, soil, and temperature.

• There are 2 main types of ecosystems:
Natural Ecosystem
o Happens naturally, without human help.
a) Terrestrial Ecosystem – Found on land
o Examples: Forests, deserts, grasslands.
b) Aquatic Ecosystem – Found in water
o Examples: Oceans (marine), rivers, lakes (freshwater).


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