Earth's Extremes - Volcanoes in Chile - #Part 1

Kaushik Biswas 2016-07-17

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Tacora
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacora

Carrizalillo (caldera)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrizalillo_(caldera)

Cerro Chanka
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerro_Chanka

Chillahuita
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chillahuita

Cerro Chela
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerro_Chela

Chusmiza
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chusmiza

Taapaca
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taapaca

Cerro Alconcha
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerro_Alconcha

Apacheta-Aguilucho volcanic complex
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apacheta-Aguilucho_volcanic_complex

Parinacota (volcano)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parinacota_(volcano)

Acotango
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acotango

Wallatiri
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallatiri

Arintica
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arintica

Isluga
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isluga

Iru Phutunqu (Chile-Nor Lípez)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iru_Phutunqu_(Chile-Nor_Lípez)

Cerro Ascotan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerro_Ascotan

Olca-Paruma
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olca-Paruma

Aucanquilcha
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aucanquilcha

Ollagüe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ollagüe

Cerro del Azufre
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerro_del_Azufre

San Pedro (Chile volcano)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Pedro_(Chile_volcano)

Paniri
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paniri

Cerro del León
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerro_del_León

Linzor
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linzor

Tocorpuri
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tocorpuri

Putana Volcano
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Putana_Volcano

Sairecabur
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sairecabur

Licancabur
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Licancabur

Guayaques
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guayaques

Purico Complex
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purico_Complex

Source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Chile

Music: Accidents_Will_Happen,YouTube Audio Library

A volcano is a rupture on the crust of a planetary mass object, such as the Earth, which allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.

Earth's volcanoes occur because the planet's crust is broken into 17 major, rigid tectonic plates that float on a hotter, softer layer in the Earth's mantle. Therefore, on Earth, volcanoes are generally found where tectonic plates are diverging or converging. For example, a mid-oceanic ridge, such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, has volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates pulling apart; the Pacific Ring of Fire has volcanoes caused by convergent tectonic plates coming together. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the crust's interior plates, e.g., in the East African Rift and the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field and Rio Grande Rift in North America. This type of volcanism falls under the umbrella of "plate hypothesis" volcanism. Volcanism away from plate boundaries has also been explained as mantle plumes. These so-called "hotspots", for example Hawaii, are postulated to arise from upwelling diapirs with magma from the core–mantle boundary, 3,000 km deep in the Earth. Volcanoes are usually not created where two tectonic plates slide past one another.

Erupting volcanoes can pose many hazards, not only in the immediate vicinity of the eruption. One such hazard is that volcanic ash can be a threat to aircraft, in particular those with jet engines where ash particles can be melted by the high operating temperature; the melted particles then adhere to the turbine blades and alter their shape, disrupting the operation of the turbine. Large eruptions can affect temperature as ash and droplets of sulfuric acid obscure the sun and cool the Earth's lower atmosphere (or troposphere); however, they also absorb heat radiated up from the Earth, thereby warming the upper atmosphere (or stratosphere). Historically, so-called volcanic winters have caused catastrophic famines.

At the mid-oceanic ridges, two tectonic plates diverge from one another as new oceanic crust is formed by the cooling and solidifying of hot molten rock. Because the crust is very thin at these ridges due to the pull of the tectonic plates, the release of pressure leads to adiabatic expansion

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