This Video Will helps explain the differences between watts and VA and explains how the terms are correctly and incorrectly used in specifying power protection equipment. Many people are confused about the distinction between the watt (W) and volt-amp (VA) measures for UPSload sizing. Many manufacturers of UPS and load equipment add to this confusion by failing to distinguish between these measures.

All information technology equipment including computers uses an electronic switching power supply. There are two basic types of computer switching power supplies, which are called 1) Power Factor Corrected (PFC) supplies or 2) capacitor input supplies. It is not possible to tell which kind of power supply is used by inspection of the equipment, and this information is not commonly provided in equipment specifications. PFC supplies were introduced in the mid-1990s and have the characteristic that the Watt and VA ratings are equal (power factor of 0.99 to 1.0). Capacitor input supplies have the characteristic that the Watt rating is in the range of .55 to .75 times the VA rating (power factor of 0.55 to 0.75).

Power consumption information on computer loads is often not specified in a way that allows simple sizing of a UPS. It is possible to configure systems that appear to be correctly sized but actually overload the UPS. By slightly oversizing the UPS compared with the nameplate ratings of the equipment, proper operation of the system is ensured. Oversizing also provides the side benefit of providing additional UPS backup time.

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